🌡️ 🕴🏽 👐 Azure RTOS. Partie 1: présentation et lancement (STM32 + CubeIDE + HAL) #⃣ 🌪️ 🚣🏾

Lors de la récente version de Microsoft Build 2020 , Azure RTOS a été mentionné à plusieurs reprises comme un système d'exploitation en temps réel dur dédié aux microcontrôleurs.

Dans ce document, nous déterminerons systématiquement de quel type de système d'exploitation il s'agit, quelle place il occupe dans les produits Microsoft pour systèmes embarqués, et nous installerons également le planificateur de système d'exploitation sur l'un des microcontrôleurs STM32.

Pour ceux qui ne sont pas intéressés par l'examen, mais qui ont besoin de la partie pratique, allez-y directement.

Qu'est-ce que c'est de toute façon?

Un microcontrôleur est un microcircuit spécialisé qui combine un microprocesseur, une mémoire et des périphériques dans un seul boîtier. Contrairement à un "gros" ordinateur, il a des quantités limitées de cette même mémoire: les valeurs typiques pour la RAM et la ROM sont de dizaines à centaines de kilo-octets.

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USB Host/Device/OTG USBX;
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git clone https://github.com/azure-rtos/threadx.git
git checkout f8e91d4

threadx threadx-master.

STM32F4Discovery Mini-USB , "ST Link" . .

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, Start New STM32 Project.

1 STM32F4DISCOVERY, 2 ( ) Next (3):

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Project Explorer, . threadx_test.ioc ( ):

Clock Configuration , :

, SYSCLK = 168 , SysTick.

Pinout & Configuration, Connectivity, USB_OTG_FS (1) (2), (3) Reset_State (4).

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System Core SYS TIM7 Timebase Source Serial Wire Debug:

SysTick Timer ThreadX.

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threadx-master threadx_test\Middlewares workspace. Project Explorer F5 , :

threadx_test Properties. C/C++ General — Paths and Symbols. Add

Middlewares/threadx-master/ports/cortex_m4/gnu/inc

, :

, , ( cortex_m0, 3, 4, 7)

Middlewares/threadx-master/common/inc

! Source Location , Source folders on build path :

/threadx_test/Core
/threadx_test/Drivers
/threadx_test/Middlewares

- — .

Apply and Close .

Middlewares/threadx-master/ports Project Explorer :

cortex_m0
cortex_m3
cortex_m7
cortex_m4/gnu/src/tx_vector_table_sample.S ( )

/ , Properties Exclude resource from build:

( ):

Middlewares/threadx-master/cmake
Middlewares/threadx-master/docs
Middlewares/threadx-master/samples

, :

Middlewares/threadx-master/common
Middlewares/threadx-master/ports/cortex_m4

STM32F407VGTX_FLASH.ld

  ._user_heap_stack :
  {
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    PROVIDE ( end = . );
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    . = ALIGN(8);
  } >RAM

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RAM, STM32F407VGTX_RAM.ld.

Project Explorer Middlewares/threadx-master/ports/cortex_m4/gnu/src tx_initialize_low_level_sample.S.

SYSTEM_CLOCK      =   6000000

6000000 168000000 SYSCLK.

SYSTICK_CYCLES    =   ((SYSTEM_CLOCK / 100) -1)

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Core/Src/main.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "tx_api.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */

  tx_kernel_enter();

Core/Startup/startup_stm32f407vgtx.s

.global  Default_Handler

.global _vectors

g_pfnVectors:

_vectors:

ThreadX.

Core/Src/ demo_threadx.c .

#include "tx_api.h"
#include "main.h"

/*    -   */
#define DEMO_STACK_SIZE         1024

/*   ,       -,   */
#define DEMO_BYTE_POOL_SIZE     10240

/*  - */
#define THREAD_COUNT 4

/*  ,        (thread control block) */
TX_THREAD               thread_x[THREAD_COUNT];

/* ,      */
TX_BYTE_POOL            byte_pool_0;

/*    */
TX_EVENT_FLAGS_GROUP    evt_group;

/*     TX_BYTE_POOL */
UCHAR                   memory_area[DEMO_BYTE_POOL_SIZE];

/*   ()   N */
#define EVT_KEYPRESS_THREAD(n) (1 << n)

/*       */
#define LED_PAUSE_AND_DEBOUNCE_TIME_MS 100

/*      */
static struct
{
    GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx;
    uint16_t GPIO_Pin;
    uint32_t blink_delay_ms;
    char thread_name[10];
} BoardLedsSettings[THREAD_COUNT] =
{
    { LD3_GPIO_Port, LD3_Pin, 250,  "orange" },
    { LD4_GPIO_Port, LD4_Pin, 500,  "green" },
    { LD5_GPIO_Port, LD5_Pin, 750,  "red" },
    { LD6_GPIO_Port, LD6_Pin, 1000, "blue" }
};

/* Callback   () */
void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
    if(GPIO_Pin == GPIO_PIN_0)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++) tx_event_flags_set(&evt_group, EVT_KEYPRESS_THREAD(i), TX_OR);
    }
}

/* -worker   4  */
void thread_entry(ULONG thread_input)
{
    /*       */
    uint8_t led_state = GPIO_PIN_RESET;
    uint32_t cur_delay_ms = BoardLedsSettings[thread_input].blink_delay_ms;
    ULONG actual_flags_ptr;
    while(1)
    {
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(BoardLedsSettings[thread_input].GPIOx, BoardLedsSettings[thread_input].GPIO_Pin, led_state);
        led_state = !led_state;
        if (TX_SUCCESS == tx_event_flags_get(&evt_group, EVT_KEYPRESS_THREAD(thread_input),
            TX_AND_CLEAR, &actual_flags_ptr, cur_delay_ms))
        {
            /*    " ".   */
            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(BoardLedsSettings[thread_input].GPIOx, BoardLedsSettings[thread_input].GPIO_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
            /* ,   ,    */
            tx_thread_sleep(LED_PAUSE_AND_DEBOUNCE_TIME_MS);
            /*    ,  ,         () */
            tx_event_flags_get(&evt_group, EVT_KEYPRESS_THREAD(thread_input), TX_AND_CLEAR, &actual_flags_ptr, TX_NO_WAIT);
            /*        */
            led_state = GPIO_PIN_SET;
            /*   */
            cur_delay_ms = (cur_delay_ms == BoardLedsSettings[thread_input].blink_delay_ms) ?
                cur_delay_ms * 2 : BoardLedsSettings[thread_input].blink_delay_ms;
        }
    }
}

/*   */
void tx_application_define(void *first_unused_memory)
{
    CHAR    *pointer = TX_NULL;

    /*  byte memory pool,          */
    tx_byte_pool_create(&byte_pool_0, "byte pool", memory_area, DEMO_BYTE_POOL_SIZE);

    /*    */
    tx_event_flags_create(&evt_group, "event group");

    /*    4 ,            BoardLedsSettings */
    for (int i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++)
    {
        /*     i */
        tx_byte_allocate(&byte_pool_0, (void **) &pointer, DEMO_STACK_SIZE, TX_NO_WAIT);
        /*   i */
        tx_thread_create(&thread_x[i], BoardLedsSettings[i].thread_name, thread_entry, i, pointer, DEMO_STACK_SIZE,
            1, 1, TX_NO_TIME_SLICE, TX_AUTO_START);
    }
}

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tx_byte_pool_create(&byte_pool_0, "byte pool", memory_area, DEMO_BYTE_POOL_SIZE);

tx_byte_allocate(&byte_pool_0, (void **) &pointer, DEMO_STACK_SIZE, TX_NO_WAIT);

(pointer) :

tx_thread_create(&thread_x[i], BoardLedsSettings[i].thread_name, thread_entry, i, pointer, DEMO_STACK_SIZE,
    1, 1, TX_NO_TIME_SLICE, TX_AUTO_START);

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Azure RTOS () , FileX, NetX .. — .

, ThreadX , . Microsoft , Azure RTOS Microsoft — .

— , . sergant (at) quarta.ru.

Azure RTOS. Partie 1: présentation et lancement (STM32 + CubeIDE + HAL)

Qu'est-ce que c'est de toute façon?

Microsoft?

Azure RTOS

ThreadX STM32

,

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