Comprendre l'autoscaling vertical des pods dans Kubernetes

Et pourquoi vous ne devriez pas l'utiliser en mode automatique

(Vertical Pod Autoscaling) — Kubernetes, . .

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(Vertical Pod Autoscaler, VPA)

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VPA

VPA:

apiVersion: autoscaling.k8s.io/v1beta2
kind: VerticalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: nginx-vpa
spec:
  targetRef:
    apiVersion: "apps/v1"
    kind:       Deployment
    name:       nginx
  updatePolicy:
    updateMode: "On"
  resourcePolicy:
    containerPolicies:
    - containerName: "nginx"
      minAllowed:
        cpu: "250m"
        memory: "100Mi"
      maxAllowed:
        cpu: "2000m"
        memory: "2048Mi"
    - containerName: "istio-proxy"
      mode: "Off"
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, apiVersion



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spec



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spec



targetRef



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. updateMode



Auto



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resourcePolicy



containerPolicies



minAllowed



maxAllowed



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, (Horizontal Pod Autoscaler, HPA), HPA CPU , . , HPA, .

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— 250 MiB.

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VPA .

VPA Deployments, StatefulSets, DaemonSets, ReplicaSets .. , . , , .

VPA

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, Kubernetes Kubectl , Prometheus, Grafana ELK, .

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GKE VPA. GKE VPA .

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, . deployment Nginx c 250 MiB 100m CPU.

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
 labels:
   app: nginx
 name: nginx
spec:
 replicas: 2
 selector:
   matchLabels:
     app: nginx
 strategy: {}
 template:
   metadata:
     labels:
       app: nginx
   spec:
     containers:
     - image: nginx
       name: nginx
       resources:
         requests:
           cpu: 100m
           memory: 250Mi
EOF
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

deployment LoadBalancer



.

kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=LoadBalancer --port 80
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, IP .

$ kubectl get svc nginx
NAME    TYPE           CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP      PORT(S)        AGE
nginx   LoadBalancer   10.4.1.4     34.121.204.234   80:30750/TCP   46s
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

VPA updateMode: "Off"



. , .

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f
apiVersion: autoscaling.k8s.io/v1beta2
kind: VerticalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
 name: nginx-vpa
spec:
 targetRef:
   apiVersion: "apps/v1"
   kind:       Deployment
   name:       nginx
 updatePolicy:
   updateMode: "Off"
 resourcePolicy:
  containerPolicies:
   - containerName: "nginx"
    minAllowed:
       cpu: "250m"
       memory: "100Mi"
     maxAllowed:
       cpu: "2000m"
       memory: "2048Mi"
EOF
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

, , . hey



:

hey -z 300s -c 1000 http://34.121.204.234
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

300 1000 — .

, VPA:

kubectl describe vpa nginx-vpa
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

VPA, , :

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• (Target): , VPA , . , .
• (Lower Bound): , . , VPA .
• (Upper Bound): . , VPA .
• (Uncapped Target): , VPA.

, , updateMode



Auto



. :

$ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: autoscaling.k8s.io/v1beta2
kind: VerticalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
 name: nginx-vpa
spec:
 targetRef:
  apiVersion: "apps/v1"
   kind:       Deployment
   name:       nginx
 updatePolicy:
   updateMode: "Auto"
 resourcePolicy:
   containerPolicies:
   - containerName: "nginx"
     minAllowed:
       cpu: "250m"
       memory: "100Mi"
     maxAllowed:
       cpu: "2000m"
       memory: "2048Mi"
EOF
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
        
        
        
      
      

        
        
        
      

    
    

. , .

— Kubernetes. stateful- . , .

N.B. stateful- Kubernetes .