Clever Geek Handbook

Utilitaire météo de la console C # utilisant .Net

De quoi avez-vous besoin pour obtenir et apprendre pour commencer à obtenir des prévisions météorologiques sur 5 jours? 





Tout d'abord, choisissez un fournisseur de données météorologiques. Deuxièmement, analyser sous quelle forme les données sont fournies et comment nous pouvons les collecter et les afficher en utilisant le langage de programmation C #. 





J'ai choisi le service Accuweather comme fournisseur de données météorologiques. Le compte gratuit autorise actuellement 50 demandes par jour. Cela suffit pour pouvoir consulter les données météo plusieurs fois par jour (vous pouvez même les partager avec un ami!). 





Pour vous inscrire, suivez le lien: https://developer.accuweather.com . Après l'enregistrement, vous devez cliquer sur le bouton «Ajouter une nouvelle application» et remplir un court formulaire. En conséquence, vous recevrez votre ApiKey personnelle avec laquelle vous pourrez ultérieurement recevoir des données mises à jour. 





Puis le plaisir commence. Nous analyserons comment et sous quelle forme les informations sont fournies et ce qui est nécessaire pour recevoir des données météorologiques pour une ville particulière. 





Dans la section "API Reference", la toute première liste est définie sur la section " Locations API " avec elle et commençons. Pour l'avenir, je dirai tout de suite que vous ne pouvez pas simplement prendre et envoyer le nom de la ville dans une demande GET. Pour ce faire, nous devons d'abord obtenir la clé de localisation d'une ville spécifique. Cette valeur est présentée sous forme de chiffres et est unique pour chaque ville. 





Ainsi, dans la section API Locations, nous nous intéressons à la méthode de recherche par ville . Nous en lisons une brève description: Renvoie des informations pour un tableau de villes qui correspondent au texte de recherche. Prenez immédiatement note qu'un tableau avec les noms des villes nous est retourné. 





Dans la page de demande, insérez ApiKey, le nom de la ville d'intérêt et mettez RU, si nous voulons recevoir des données localisées. 





Après avoir cliqué sur le bouton «Envoyer cette demande» ci-dessous sur la page, vous recevrez le résultat de l'exécution. Dans mon cas, cela ressemble à ceci:





[
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "292332",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 21,
    "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "Asia",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "Russia",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "CHE",
      "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
      "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "Oblast",
      "EnglishType": "Oblast",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "YEKT",
      "Name": "Asia/Yekaterinburg",
      "GmtOffset": 5,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 55.16,
      "Longitude": 61.403,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 233,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 764,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
        "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence"
    ]
  }
]

Comme vous pouvez le voir, nous avons renvoyé un tableau d'une ville. À quoi ressemblera le résultat s'il y a deux villes ou plus avec le même nom:





[
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "294021",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 10,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moscow",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "MOW",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Moscow",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "  ",
      "EnglishType": "Federal City",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 55.752,
      "Longitude": 37.619,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 155,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 508,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Tsentralny",
        "EnglishName": "Tsentralny"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "1397263",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskwa",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "EUR",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Europe"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "PL",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Poland"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "10",
      "LocalizedName": " ",
      "EnglishName": "Łódź",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Voivodship",
      "CountryID": "PL"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "CET",
      "Name": "Europe/Warsaw",
      "GmtOffset": 1,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": "2021-03-28T01:00:00Z"
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 51.816,
      "Longitude": 19.657,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 238,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 780,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "- ",
        "EnglishName": "Łódź East"
      },
      {
        "Level": 3,
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Nowosolna"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence",
      "FutureRadar",
      "MinuteCast",
      "Radar"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "580845",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskva",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "KIR",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Kirov",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Republic",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 57.968,
      "Longitude": 49.104,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 207,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 678,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Verkhoshizhemsky",
        "EnglishName": "Verkhoshizhemsky"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "ForecastConfidence"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "2488304",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskva",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "PSK",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Pskov",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Oblast",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 57.449,
      "Longitude": 29.185,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 161,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 528,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Porkhovsky",
        "EnglishName": "Porkhovsky"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts",
      "Radar"
    ]
  },
  {
    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "580847",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 85,
    "LocalizedName": "",
    "EnglishName": "Moskva",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",
    "Region": {
      "ID": "ASI",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Asia"
    },
    "Country": {
      "ID": "RU",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Russia"
    },
    "AdministrativeArea": {
      "ID": "TVE",
      "LocalizedName": "",
      "EnglishName": "Tver'",
      "Level": 1,
      "LocalizedType": "",
      "EnglishType": "Oblast",
      "CountryID": "RU"
    },
    "TimeZone": {
      "Code": "MSK",
      "Name": "Europe/Moscow",
      "GmtOffset": 3,
      "IsDaylightSaving": false,
      "NextOffsetChange": null
    },
    "GeoPosition": {
      "Latitude": 56.918,
      "Longitude": 32.163,
      "Elevation": {
        "Metric": {
          "Value": 251,
          "Unit": "m",
          "UnitType": 5
        },
        "Imperial": {
          "Value": 823,
          "Unit": "ft",
          "UnitType": 0
        }
      }
    },
    "IsAlias": false,
    "SupplementalAdminAreas": [
      {
        "Level": 2,
        "LocalizedName": "Penovsky",
        "EnglishName": "Penovsky"
      }
    ],
    "DataSets": [
      "AirQualityCurrentConditions",
      "AirQualityForecasts",
      "Alerts"
    ]
  }
]

, . , Key, . .





, , . , C#. , C# VSCodium. OpenSuSe Leap 15.2.





, ApiKey, , ApiKey , ApiKey .





, UserApi:





namespace habraweatherappconsole
{
    public class UserApi
    {
        public string UserApiProperty { get;set; }
    }
}

, , :





        /// <summary>
        ///      APIKey  
        /// </summary>
        public static void ReadUserApiToLocalStorage()
        {
            XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ObservableCollection<UserApi>));

            try
            {
                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("UserApi.xml"))
                {
                    userApiList = xmlSerializer.Deserialize(sr) as ObservableCollection<UserApi>;
                }
            }

            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                /*      .  ,     
                /     .       - -    
                /          ?
                */
            }
        }

, XML , , , XML.





. , , . , Json . , .





, :





    "Version": 1,
    "Key": "292332",
    "Type": "City",
    "Rank": 21,
    "LocalizedName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "EnglishName": "Chelyabinsk",
    "PrimaryPostalCode": "",

API , , , ( , ) , . , , - .





, :





    public class RootBasicCityInfo    {
        public int Version { get; set; } 
        public string Key { get; set; } 
        public string Type { get; set; } 
        public int Rank { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
        public string PrimaryPostalCode { get; set; }

, json :





      "Region": {
        "ID": "ASI",
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Asia"
      },
      "Country": {
        "ID": "RU",
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Russia"
      },
      "AdministrativeArea": {
        "ID": "MOW",
        "LocalizedName": "",
        "EnglishName": "Moscow",
        "Level": 1,
        "LocalizedType": "  ",
        "EnglishType": "Federal City",
        "CountryID": "RU"
      },

, Region, Country, AdministrativeArea :





public class Region    {
        public string ID { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
    }

    public class Country    {
        public string ID { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
    }

    public class AdministrativeArea    {
        public string ID { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
        public int Level { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedType { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishType { get; set; } 
        public string CountryID { get; set; } 
    }

:





    public class RootBasicCityInfo    {
        public int Version { get; set; } 
        public string Key { get; set; } 
        public string Type { get; set; } 
        public int Rank { get; set; } 
        public string LocalizedName { get; set; } 
        public string EnglishName { get; set; } 
        public string PrimaryPostalCode { get; set; } 
        public Region Region { get; set; } 
        public Country Country { get; set; } 
        public AdministrativeArea AdministrativeArea { get; set; } 
        public TimeZone TimeZone { get; set; } 
        public GeoPosition GeoPosition { get; set; } 
        public bool IsAlias { get; set; } 
        public List<SupplementalAdminArea> SupplementalAdminAreas { get; set; } 
        public List<string> DataSets { get; set; } 
    }

, , :





using System;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Net;
using System.Text.Json;

using static System.Console;

namespace habraweatherappconsole
{
    /// <summary>
    ///     
    ///       .
    /// </summary>
    public static class SearchCity
    {
        /// <summary>
        ///      .
        ///       
        ///       MainMenu.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="formalCityName"></param>
        public static void GettingListOfCitiesOnRequest(string formalCityName)
        {
            //  ApiKey  
            string apiKey = UserApiManager.userApiList[0].UserApiProperty;
            try
            {
                string jsonOnWeb = $"http://dataservice.accuweather.com/locations/v1/cities/search?apikey={apiKey}&q={formalCityName}";

                WebClient webClient = new WebClient();
                string prepareString = webClient.DownloadString(jsonOnWeb);

                ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo> rbci = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo>>(prepareString);

                DataRepo.Printeceivedities(rbci);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                WriteLine("   ."
                + " : \n" + 
                "*    \n"
                + "*    \n"
                + " : \n"
                + ex.Message);
            }

        }
    }
}

, :





        /// <summary>
        ///       
        /// (     ,  1).
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="formalListOfCityes"></param>
        public static void Printeceivedities (ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo> formalListOfCityes)
        {
            string pattern = "=====\n" + "  : {0}\n" + "  : {1}\n"
            + " :  {2} \n" + ": {3}\n" + " : {4}\n"
            + ": {5}\n" + "====\n";
            int numberInList = 0;

            foreach (var item in formalListOfCityes)
            {
                WriteLine(pattern, numberInList.ToString(),
                item.EnglishName, item.LocalizedName, item.Country.LocalizedName,
                item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedName, item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedType);
                numberInList++;
            }

            Write ("     : ");
            int num = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

            try
            {
                listOfCityForMonitorWeather.Add(formalListOfCityes[num]);
            }

            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                WriteLine(",   .\n");
                WriteLine(ex.Message);
            }
            WriteListOfCityMonitoring();
        }

, ( APIKey)





         /// <summary>
        ///       
        ///   .
        /// </summary>
        private static void WriteListOfCityMonitoring()
        {
            XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(ObservableCollection<RootBasicCityInfo>));

            using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter("RootBasicCityInfo.xml"))
            {
                xmlSerializer.Serialize(sw, listOfCityForMonitorWeather);
            }
        }

. , - 5 .





Json , , , .





Accuweather 1 , 5, 10 15 . json . Get .





, json :





  "Headline": {
    "EffectiveDate": "2021-02-23T07:00:00+03:00",
    "EffectiveEpochDate": 1614052800,
    "Severity": 3,
    "Text": "  : ",
    "Category": "cold",
    "EndDate": "2021-02-24T19:00:00+03:00",
    "EndEpochDate": 1614182400,
    "MobileLink": "http://m.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/extended-weather-forecast/294021?unit=c",
    "Link": "http://www.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/daily-weather-forecast/294021?unit=c"
  },
  "DailyForecasts": [
    {
      "Date": "2021-02-23T07:00:00+03:00",
      "EpochDate": 1614052800,
      "Temperature": {
        "Minimum": {
          "Value": -24.4,
          "Unit": "C",
          "UnitType": 17
        },
        "Maximum": {
          "Value": -20.6,
          "Unit": "C",
          "UnitType": 17
        }
      },
      "Day": {
        "Icon": 31,
        "IconPhrase": "",
        "HasPrecipitation": false
      },
      "Night": {
        "Icon": 31,
        "IconPhrase": "",
        "HasPrecipitation": false
      },
      "Sources": [
        "AccuWeather"
      ],
      "MobileLink": "http://m.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/daily-weather-forecast/294021?day=1&unit=c",
      "Link": "http://www.accuweather.com/ru/ru/moscow/294021/daily-weather-forecast/294021?day=1&unit=c"
    },

, :





    public class DailyForecast    {
        public DateTime Date { get; set; } 
        public int EpochDate { get; set; } 
        public Temperature Temperature { get; set; } 
        public Day Day { get; set; } 
        public Night Night { get; set; } 
        public List<string> Sources { get; set; } 
        public string MobileLink { get; set; } 
        public string Link { get; set; } 
    }
    

     public class RootWeather    {
        public Headline Headline { get; set; } 
        public List<DailyForecast> DailyForecasts { get; set; } 
    }

, ( ) . , , , :





            string pattern = "=====\n" + "  : {0}\n" + "  : {1}\n"
            + " :  {2} \n" + ": {3}\n" + " : {4}\n"
            + ": {5}\n" + "====\n";
            int numberInList = 0;

            foreach (var item in DataRepo.listOfCityForMonitorWeather)
            {
                WriteLine(pattern, numberInList.ToString(),
                item.EnglishName, item.LocalizedName, item.Country.LocalizedName,
                item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedName, item.AdministrativeArea.LocalizedType);
                numberInList++;
            }
            
            bool ifNotExists = false;
            string cityKey = null;
            int num = 0;
            do
            {
                ifNotExists = false;
                Write("    : ");
                num = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
                
                if (num < 0 || num > DataRepo.listOfCityForMonitorWeather.Count - 1)
                {
                    WriteLine("  .   .");
                    ifNotExists = true;
                }
            } while(ifNotExists);
            
            cityKey = DataRepo.listOfCityForMonitorWeather[num].Key;

:





 //  ApiKey  
            string apiKey = UserApiManager.userApiList[0].UserApiProperty;
            
            string jsonUrl = $"http://dataservice.accuweather.com/forecasts/v1/daily/5day/{cityKey}?apikey={apiKey}&language=ru&metric=true";

            jsonUrl = webClient.DownloadString(jsonUrl);

            RootWeather weatherData = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<RootWeather>(jsonUrl);

            string patternWeather = "=====\n" + ": {0}\n" + " : {1}\n"
            +" : {2}\n" + "  : {3}\n" + "  : {4}\n" + "====\n";

            foreach (var item in weatherData.DailyForecasts)
            {
                WriteLine(patternWeather, item.Date, item.Temperature.Minimum.Value,
                item.Temperature.Maximum.Value, item.Day.IconPhrase, item.Night.IconPhrase);
            }

5 .





En conclusion: dans cet article, j'ai montré les principaux points nécessaires pour que les données météorologiques soient affichées. Le code source complet de l'utilitaire est disponible sur GitLab et GitHub. En outre, je serai heureux de toute critique de l'affaire et des conseils de programmeurs expérimentés.





Merci pour votre temps, bonne chance!







More articles:


All Articles