L'audience des télégrammes croßt de façon exponentielle chaque jour, ceci est facilité par la commodité du messager, la présence de canaux, de chats et bien sûr la possibilité de créer des bots.
Les robots peuvent ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s Ă des fins complĂštement diffĂ©rentes, de l'automatisation de la communication avec vos clients Ă la gestion de vos propres tĂąches.
En fait, via le bot, vous pouvez utiliser le télégramme pour effectuer toutes les opérations: envoyer ou demander des données, exécuter des tùches sur le serveur, collecter des informations dans une base de données, envoyer des e-mails, etc.
Je prévois d'écrire une série d'articles sur la façon de travailler avec l' API de bot de télégramme en langage R et d'écrire des bots pour mes besoins.
Dans ce premier article, nous verrons comment créer un robot de télégramme et envoyer des notifications par télégramme en l'utilisant.
En conséquence, nous aurons un bot qui vérifiera l'état de la derniÚre exécution de toutes les tùches dans le planificateur de tùches Windows et vous enverra des notifications si certaines ont échoué.
, , , telegram.bot
, , , .
" telegram R"
:
I can help you create and manage Telegram bots. If you're new to the Bot API, please see the manual (https://core.telegram.org/bots).
You can control me by sending these commands:
/newbot - create a new bot
/mybots - edit your bots [beta]
Edit Bots
/setname - change a bot's name
/setdescription - change bot description
/setabouttext - change bot about info
/setuserpic - change bot profile photo
/setcommands - change the list of commands
/deletebot - delete a bot
Bot Settings
/token - generate authorization token
/revoke - revoke bot access token
/setinline - toggle inline mode (https://core.telegram.org/bots/inline)
/setinlinegeo - toggle inline location requests (https://core.telegram.org/bots/inline#location-based-results)
/setinlinefeedback - change inline feedback (https://core.telegram.org/bots/inline#collecting-feedback) settings
/setjoingroups - can your bot be added to groups?
/setprivacy - toggle privacy mode (https://core.telegram.org/bots#privacy-mode) in groups
Games
/mygames - edit your games (https://core.telegram.org/bots/games) [beta]
/newgame - create a new game (https://core.telegram.org/bots/games)
/listgames - get a list of your games
/editgame - edit a game
/deletegame - delete an existing game
/newbot
.
BotFather .
BotFather, [25.07.20 09:39]
Alright, a new bot. How are we going to call it? Please choose a name for your bot.
Alexey Seleznev, [25.07.20 09:40]
My Test Bot
BotFather, [25.07.20 09:40]
Good. Now let's choose a username for your bot. It must end in `bot`. Like this, for example: TetrisBot or tetris_bot.
Alexey Seleznev, [25.07.20 09:40]
@my_test_bot
, bot
.
, :
Done! Congratulations on your new bot. You will find it at t.me/my_test_bot. You can now add a description, about section and profile picture for your bot, see /help for a list of commands. By the way, when you've finished creating your cool bot, ping our Bot Support if you want a better username for it. Just make sure the bot is fully operational before you do this.
Use this token to access the HTTP API:
123456789:abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
For a description of the Bot API, see this page: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api
API , 123456789:abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
.
R
Telegram Bot API R telegram.bot.
R install.packages()
, install.packages("telegram.bot")
.
:
library(telegram.bot)
R Telegram
Telegram , @my_test_bot
.
, " ". , id .
R .
library(telegram.bot)
#
bot <- Bot(token = "123456789:abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz")
#
print(bot$getMe())
# , ..
updates <- bot$getUpdates()
#
# :
chat_id <- updates[[1L]]$from_chat_id()
Bot()
, .
, , . telegram.bot
: R_TELEGRAM_BOT___
. __
, R_TELEGRAM_BOT_My Test Bot
.
, . ( path.expand("~")
) .Renviron. file.edit(path.expand(file.path("~", ".Renviron")))
.
.
R_TELEGRAM_BOT___=123456789:abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
bot_token()
, .. :
bot <- Bot(token = bot_token("My Test Bot"))
getUpdates()
, .. . from_chat_id()
, , . .
id getUpdates()
. , , .
updates[[1L]]$message$from
$id
[1] 000000000
$is_bot
[1] FALSE
$first_name
[1] "Alexey"
$last_name
[1] "Seleznev"
$username
[1] "AlexeySeleznev"
$language_code
[1] "ru"
, , . sendMessage()
, , , . Markdown HTML parse_mode
.
#
bot$sendMessage(chat_id,
text = ", * * __",
parse_mode = "Markdown"
)
Markdown :
- *:
- :
* *
- :
- :
- :
- :
__
- :
- :
- , , â `:
- : ` `
- :
HTML :
HTML , , , <></>
.
- <> â
- </> â
HTML
<b>
â
- :
<b> </b>
- :
<i>
â
- :
<i></i>
- :
- :
- <code> â
- : <code> </code>
- :
:
#
bot$sendPhoto(chat_id,
photo = "https://telegram.org/img/t_logo.png"
)
#
bot$sendAudio(chat_id,
audio = "http://www.largesound.com/ashborytour/sound/brobob.mp3"
)
#
bot$sendDocument(chat_id,
document = "https://github.com/ebeneditos/telegram.bot/raw/gh-pages/docs/telegram.bot.pdf"
)
#
bot$sendSticker(chat_id,
sticker = "https://www.gstatic.com/webp/gallery/1.webp"
)
#
bot$sendVideo(chat_id,
video = "http://techslides.com/demos/sample-videos/small.mp4"
)
# gif
bot$sendAnimation(chat_id,
animation = "https://media.giphy.com/media/sIIhZliB2McAo/giphy.gif"
)
#
bot$sendLocation(chat_id,
latitude = 51.521727,
longitude = -0.117255
)
#
bot$sendChatAction(chat_id,
action = "typing"
)
.. sendPhoto()
, ggplot2
.
Emoji
, Emoji.
Unicode. , U+
\U000
. .. , U+1F601
, R â \U0001F601
.
:
bot$sendMessage(chat_id,
' \U0001F601 U+1F601')
:
Windows, ,
Windows taskscheduleR
, dplyr
.
#
install.packages(c('taskscheduleR', 'dplyr'))
#
library(taskscheduleR)
library(dplyr)
taskscheduler_ls()
. filter()
dplyr
, 0, , 267011, , .
#
task <- task <- taskscheduler_ls() %>%
filter(! `Last Result` %in% c("0", "267011") &
`Scheduled Task State` == "Enabled" &
Status != "Running") %>%
select(TaskName) %>%
unique() %>%
unlist() %>%
paste0(., collapse = "\n")
task
, , Telegram.
, :
filter()
â ,select()
âunique()
âunlist()
âpaste0()
â , , ..\n
.
â .
bot$sendMessage(chat_id,
text = task,
parse_mode = "Markdown"
)
, :
#
library(telegram.bot)
library(taskscheduleR)
library(dplyr)
#
bot <- Bot(token = "123456789:abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz")
#
chat_id <- 123456789
#
task <- taskscheduler_ls() %>%
filter(! `Last Result` %in% c("0", "267011") &
`Scheduled Task State` == "Enabled" &
Status != "Running") %>%
select(TaskName) %>%
unique() %>%
unlist() %>%
paste0(., collapse = "\n")
#
if ( task != "" ) {
bot$sendMessage(chat_id,
text = task,
parse_mode = "Markdown"
)
}
.
, , , .
, id . configr
.
[telegram_bot]
; ,
chat_id=12345678
bot_token=123456789:abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
library(configr)
#
config <- read.config('C:/__/config.cfg', rcmd.parse = TRUE)
bot_token <- config$telegram_bot$bot_token
chat_id <- config$telegram_bot$chat_id
, check_bot.R
. , :
- Path R, Windows :
C:\Program Files\R\R-4.0.2\bin
. - bat ,
R CMD BATCH C:\rscripts\check_bot\check_bot.R
.C:\rscripts\check_bot\check_bot.R
R . - Windows , .
, , telegram.
Windows, , , .. R .