😾 🔧 👨🏿‍🚒 Utilisation du cache Nginx FastCGI 🤦🏼 🏤 👩‍👦‍👦

FastCGI Cache est un système de mise en cache de données implémenté au niveau du serveur HTTP Nginx .

L'avantage de FastCGI Cache est que Nginx retournera la réponse mise en cache à l'utilisateur dès qu'il reçoit une requête, tandis que la couche application ne traitera pas du tout la requête HTTP entrante si elle se trouve dans le cache Nginx.

L'utilisation de FastCGI Cache est un excellent moyen de réduire la charge de votre système.

Si votre site contient des pages qui changent rarement ou si le retard dans la mise à jour des informations pendant un certain temps n'est pas critique, FastCGI Cache est exactement ce dont vous avez besoin.

Fonctionnement du cache Nginx FastCGI

Si une requête HTTP parvient au serveur Nginx et qu'il y a quelque temps la réponse à la même requête a été placée dans le cache, alors Nginx n'enverra pas cette requête pour exécuter PHP-FPM, au lieu de cela, Nginx retournera le résultat du cache.

Tâche

Supposons que nous ayons un système de contrôle basé sur le Web pour un vol vers la lune, qui est écrit en PHP. Chaque utilisateur doit saisir son nom d'utilisateur et son mot de passe pour entrer dans le système et être sur la page principale de l'application spatiale.

, , . . . SQL- .

, , .

, , . .

, .
-. .
1 .

http {

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;

    server {
    
        listen 80;
        index index.php index.html;
        server_name moon-flight.aero;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.error.log;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.access.log
        root /var/www/moon-flight.aero/public;

        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        }

        location ~ \.php$ {
            try_files $uri =404;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
        }
    }
}

, fastcgi_cache_path http.

fastcgi_cache_path /tmp/nginx_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgicache:10m inactive=70m max_size=512m;

/tmp/nginx_cache , . /tmp , . , , /tmp/nginx_cache .

— . levels=1:2. , 2. , , .

— . keys_zone=fastcgicache:10m , fastcgicache, 10m — . 10 80 000 . , .

— inactive=70m, , , , . , , inactive, , . inactive 10 .

max_size=512m — . . , Nginx .

. fastcgi_cache_key. http, server location.

server fastcgi_cache_key:

fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri$cookie_codeAuth";

— $scheme

— $request_method

— $host

— $request_uri

— $cookie_codeAuth

. , .

, :

http://moon-flight.aero/search/?query=10

Nginx :


$scheme	`http`
$request_method	`GET`
$host	`moon-flight.aero`
$request_uri	`/search/?query=10`
$cookie_codeAuth	Cookie codeAuth, . Cookie -.

, Cookie codeAuth. .

Nginx Cookie, $cookie_.

, HTTP- :

Cookie: codeAuth=a7e30fbb7f4513redfd22049c6b5dzme306f4e

"$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri$cookie_codeAuth" , , . $cookie_codeAuth .

server fastcgi_cache, fastcgi_cache_valid, fastcgi_cache_bypass fastcgi_no_cache location.

server.

, $request_uri "/".
GET . $request_method GET.
, GET . $query_string "".

3 ( server):

set $no_cache 0;

if ($request_method != GET) {
     set $no_cache 1;
}

if ($query_string != "") {
     set $no_cache 1;
}

if ($request_uri != "/") {
     set $no_cache 1;
}

fastcgi_cache, fastcgi_cache_valid, fastcgi_cache_bypass fastcgi_no_cache location.

fastcgi_cache fastcgicache;
fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
fastcgi_cache_bypass $no_cache;
fastcgi_no_cache $no_cache;

fastcgi_cache — , . fastcgi_cache_path.

fastcgi_cache_valid — HTTP- . 60 200.

fastcgi_cache_bypass — , . 0, .

fastcgi_no_cache — , . 0, .

sudo service nginx reload

, ?

. , $upstream_cache_status.

server add_header :

add_header x-fastcgi-cache $upstream_cache_status;

x-fastcgi-cache — .

$upstream_cache_status :

MISS
BYPASS
EXPIRED
STALE
UPDATING
REVALIDATED
HIT

, HIT.

http {

    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    
    fastcgi_cache_path /tmp/nginx_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgicache:10m inactive=70m max_size=512m;

    server {
    
        listen 80;
        index index.php index.html;
        server_name moon-flight.aero;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.error.log;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/moon-flight.aero.access.log
        root /var/www/moon-flight.aero/public;
        
        fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri$cookie_codeAuth";
        
        set $no_cache 0;

        if ($request_method != GET) {
            set $no_cache 1;
        }

        if ($query_string != "") {
            set $no_cache 1;
        }
    
        if ($request_uri != "/") {
            set $no_cache 1;
        }

        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        }
        
        add_header x-fastcgi-cache $upstream_cache_status;

        location ~ \.php$ {
        
            fastcgi_cache fastcgicache;
            fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m;
            fastcgi_cache_bypass $no_cache;
            fastcgi_no_cache $no_cache;
        
            try_files $uri =404;
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
            fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name;
        }
    }
}

Nginx :

sudo nginx -t

, , :

sudo service nginx reload

Apache Bench

Apache Bench -. C Apache Bench , . cookies.

Apache Bench Ununtu.

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install apache2-utils

Apache Bench

FastCGI Cache $no_cache 1.

sudo service nginx reload

. , Apache Bench :

ab -c 5 -n 100 -C "codeAuth=a7e30fbb7f4513redfd22049c6b5dzme306f4e" http://moon-flight.aero

http://moon-flight.aero 100 , 5 . -C , cookie codeAuth.

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking moon-flight.aero (be patient).....done


Server Software:        nginx/1.14.0
Server Hostname:        moon-flight.aero
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        31134 bytes

Concurrency Level:      5
Time taken for tests:   2.978 seconds
Complete requests:      100
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      3150400 bytes
HTML transferred:       3113400 bytes
Requests per second:    33.58 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       148.878 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       29.776 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          1033.25 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       23   29   5.0     27      50
Processing:    58  112  17.1    113     142
Waiting:       58  112  17.0    113     142
Total:         85  141  16.7    142     176

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    142
  66%    149
  75%    154
  80%    159
  90%    163
  95%    166
  98%    170
  99%    176
 100%    176 (longest request)

3 , 100 . — 33.58 .

Apache Bench

$no_cache 0.

sudo service nginx reload

ab -c 5 -n 100 -C "codeAuth=a7e30fbb7f4513redfd22049c6b5dzme306f4e" http://moon-flight.aero

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking moon-flight.aero (be patient).....done


Server Software:        nginx/1.14.0
Server Hostname:        moon-flight.aero
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /
Document Length:        31134 bytes

Concurrency Level:      5
Time taken for tests:   1.068 seconds
Complete requests:      100
Failed requests:        0
Total transferred:      3150104 bytes
HTML transferred:       3113400 bytes
Requests per second:    93.64 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       53.398 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       10.680 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          2880.52 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       23   31   6.5     27      47
Processing:    14   17   7.8     16      93
Waiting:       14   17   7.8     16      93
Total:         37   47  10.1     44     122

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%     44
  66%     49
  75%     52
  80%     54
  90%     56
  95%     61
  98%     63
  99%    122
 100%    122 (longest request)

1 , 100 . — 93.64 .

La description du module ngx_http_fastcgi_module est disponible sur le lien: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/http/ngx http fastcgi_module.html

Vidéo sur la configuration de FastCGI Cache Nginx: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nri2KOI3HJo&t=66s

Documentation Apache Bench: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/programs/ab.html

Utilisation du cache Nginx FastCGI

Fonctionnement du cache Nginx FastCGI

Tâche

Apache Bench

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