Habr, bon moment de la journée pour tout le monde! Le cours Python Web-Developer débutera bientôt chez OTUS: nous vous invitons à la leçon de démonstration gratuite «Page Controller and Front Controller Patterns: Implementation in Django» et publions la traduction de l'article de Nicolle Cysneiros - Full Stack Developer (Labcodes).
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Python?
GNU gettext
, Python. GNU gettext, Translation Project. :
, ;
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– Hello World app.py
, gettext
Python (gettext.translation
) , . gettext
( gettext
), , , «Hello World!»
, .
import gettext
gettext.bindtextdomain("app", "/locale")
gettext.textdomain("app")
t = gettext.translation("app", localedir="locale", languages=['en_US'])
t.install()
_ = t.gettext
greeting = _("Hello, world!")
print(greeting)
, GNU xgettext
. PO-, .
xgettext -d app app.py
PO- ( Portable Object) , :
# translator-comments
#. extracted-comments
#: reference…
#, flag…
#| msgid previous-untranslated-string
msgid untranslated-string
msgstr translated-string
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) – .
xgettext
, app.py
, PO-:
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-05-03 13:23-0300\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: app.py:7
msgid "Hello, world!"
msgstr ""
, . «Hello World!» ID . , ID .
PO- . , GNU gettext PO- (<localedir>/<languagecode>/LCMESSAGES/<domain>.po
), , , PO-.
|-- app.py
|-- locale
|-- en_US
| |-- LC_MESSAGES
| |-- app.po
|-- pt_BR
|-- LC_MESSAGES
| |-- app.po
PO- :
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-05-03 13:23-0300\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#: app.py:7
msgid "Hello, world!"
msgstr "Olá, mundo!"
, PO- MO- msgfmt
.
msgfmt -o app.mo app.po
MO- , , . , «Olá, mundo!»:
import gettext
gettext.bindtextdomain("app", "/locale")
gettext.textdomain("app")
t = gettext.translation("app", localedir="locale", languages=['pt_BR'])
t.install()
_ = t.gettext
greeting = _("Hello, world!")
print(greeting)
locale
(locale) POSIX, , . locale:
import datetime
import locale
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, locale='en_US')
local_conv = locale.localeconv()
now = datetime.datetime.now()
some_price = 1234567.89
formatted_price = locale.format('%1.2f', some_price, grouping=True)
currency_symbol = local_conv['currency_symbol']
print(now.strftime('%x'))
print(f'{currency_symbol}{formatted_price}')
, US English . locale.format
. %x
, . .
Python. , Month/Day/Year
, – , – , .
$ python format_example.py
05/03/2019
$1,234,567.89
, Portuguese Brazil, , : Month/Day/Year
, , , R$ , .
import datetime
import locale
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, locale='pt_BR')
local_conv = locale.localeconv()
now = datetime.datetime.now()
some_price = 1234567.89
formatted_price = locale.format('%1.2f', some_price, grouping=True)
currency_symbol = local_conv['currency_symbol']
print(now.strftime('%x'))
print(f'{currency_symbol}{formatted_price}')
Django?
Django. GNU gettext
, Accept-Language, . , Python, , django utils, gettext:
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.utils.translation import gettext as _
def my_view(request):
greetings = _('Hello, World!')
return HttpResponse(greetings)
, Python ( ). trans
template , blocktrans
, .
<p>{% trans "Hello, World!" %}</p>
<p>{% blocktrans %}This string will have {{ value }} inside.{% endblocktrans %}</p>
gettext
Django : , , , . help_text
verbose_name
Django.
GNU, django admin , . , , django admin makemessages
, . locale , PO- .
PO-, django admin compilemessages
. PO- , django-admin compilemessages --locale=pt_BR
. , Django, .
Django Accept-Language , . DateField
DecimalField
. , , , localize
True
.
from django import forms
class DatePriceForm(forms.Form):
date = forms.DateField(localize=True)
price = forms.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2, localize=True)
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. . PO-.
QA. QA , , , , .
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